Vocabulary Spotlight

Abrasive

Part of Speech: Adjective

Definition: Causing damage or wear by scraping or rubbing; harsh or rough in manner.

“His abrasive comments left the audience feeling uneasy.”

Pronunciation

[uh-BRAY-siv]

Synonyms, Antonyms & Related Words

Synonyms

Harsh
Rough
Unpleasant
Severe
Irritating

Antonyms

Gentle
Smooth
Soothing
Polite
Agreeable

Related Words

Abrasion (noun)
Abrasively (adverb)

Word Origin

The word “abrasive” comes from the Latin “abrasivus,” which stems from “abradere,” meaning “to scrape off.” Originally, it referred to materials used to grind down surfaces and was later applied to harsh or unrefined behavior.

Word Family

Noun: Abrasion – The process of scraping or wearing something away.

Adverb: Abrasively – In a harsh or rough manner.

Mnemonics

A BRutal Action Is VEry harsh

This mnemonic emphasizes the harsh or rough qualities of something abrasive.

Industry-specific Usage

Engineering

In engineering, abrasive materials are used to grind, polish, or clean surfaces.

Psychology

In psychology, an abrasive personality might describe someone whose manner is harsh or unkind.

Textiles

Abrasive processes are used to create distressed textures in textile manufacturing.

In Context

The term “abrasive” applies both to materials that wear surfaces down and to behaviors that feel rough or unpleasant to others. Abrasive personalities may unintentionally offend, while abrasive tools intentionally grind or smooth surfaces.

Vocabulary Challenges

1. Which word is closest in meaning to “abrasive”?

Harsh
Smooth
Polite
Gentle

“Harsh” is correct because it conveys the rough or severe quality of something abrasive.

2. Fill in the blank: Her _______ remarks left everyone feeling uncomfortable.

gentle
soothing
abrasive
polite

“Abrasive” is the correct answer, as it conveys a harshness that would make others uncomfortable.

3. In which scenario might someone or something be described as “abrasive”?

When a soft towel dries dishes
When someone speaks in a calm tone
When a person apologizes kindly
When sandpaper is used to smooth wood

“When sandpaper is used to smooth wood” is correct, as sandpaper is an abrasive material that wears surfaces down.